Bifidobacteriaceae ⇒ Bifidobacterium {10000120} Record Keys Parent:Bifidobacteriaceae Definition:Bifidobacterium Details Initialisation date:2020-09-06 LinksSource Meta Information Rank: Genus Domain: Bacteria Zone:[ ] Enzyme:[ ] Function:Anti-inflammatory , Anti-cancer Notes: BifidobacterShared Reference Notes [1.1] - Bifidobacterium can resist the antimicrobial activity of bile salts. [1.2] [#Autism] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - The reduction of Bifidobacterium also results in reduced levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), common in ASD children. - Bifidobacterium can produce #GABA [1.3] [#Cancer] - Bifidobacterium is associated with antitumor effects, and oral administration of Bifidobacterium alone improved tumor control to the same degree as PD-L1 antibody therapy while combination treatment nearly abolished tumor growth in mice. [1.4] [#Biliary tract cancer] [#Plant-based diet] - High levels of plant dietary fibers in the gut resulted in proliferation of Bifidobacterium with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects [1.5] - Bifidobacterium species decrease #Cancer cell proliferation via the inhibition of growth factor signaling as well as inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. - Bifidobacterium species reduce the adverse effects of chemo/immuno/radiation therapy by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. [1.6] [#Diabetes Type 2] - Bifidobacterium appears to be the most consistently supported by the literature genus containing microbes potentially protective against T2D [1.7] [#Galactooligosaccharides & modified mogrosides Sweetener] - Significant growth during the fermentation at 10 h of bacterial populations includes Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides, #Enterococcus, and #Clostridium coccoides. - significant increase in production of SCFA in mMV-GOS at 10 h of fermentation, mainly seen in #Acetate and #Propionate production [1.8] - Bifidobacterium generate #GABA. [1.9] [#Cancer] [#High salt diet] - HSD increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and caused increased gut permeability leading to intratumor localization of Bifidobacterium, which enhanced NK cell functions and tumor regression. - Intratumoral injections of Bifidobacterium activated NK cells, which inhibited tumor growth. - Bifidobacterium breve have a positive correlation with acetic acid levels and intestinal epithelium expression of tight junction-related genes. [1.11] - Increased #Intake of anthocyanin-rich berries, for example, significantly increased abundance of Bifidobacterium [1.12] - “Bifidobacterium” pattern > increaseds #Sleep Activity at 12 months. - “Bifidobacterium” enterotype > infants with more nighttime awakenings. [1.13] [#Exercise training] - Exercise increases > increase α-diversity and microbial metabolites such as SCFAs. - Exercise > typically reveal increases in commensal taxa such as Bifidobacterium, #Lactobacilli, and #Akkermansia [1.14] [#Lactoferrin] - LF > iron donor to support the growth of some bacteria with lower iron demands > #Lactobacillus sp. or Bifidobacterium sp. [1.15] [#Lachnospiraceae] - 4 weeks of #Grape powder consumption > significantly increased the alpha diversity index of the gut microbiome > increasing #Verrucomicrobia at the phylum level, and a significant increase in #Akkermansia and increase in #Flavonifractor and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010 > decrease in Bifidobacterium and #Dialister at the genus level. [1.16] [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] - MC/CFS > microbiome alterations that were consistent with an increased inflammation of the gut, namely significantly increased #Lactonifactor and #Alistipes - in particular an increase of #Alistipes and a decrease of butyrate-producer #Faecalibacterium were considered as top biomarkers with potential diagnostic value - abundance of Bifidobacterium and #Faecalibacterium to be reduced in the affected twin compared to the non-affected one. - Decreases in #Faecalibacterium and increases in #Coprobacillus were found. - Gut abundances of #Coprobacillus, of #Eggerthella and #Blautia were best able to distinguish patients from controls. - distinct microbial pattern with decreased anti-inflammatory #Firmicutes [1.17] - Barley contains abundant soluble #Beta-glucan fibers - Bifidobacterium, #Butyricicoccus, #Collinsella, #Ruminococcus 2, and #Dialister were characteristic candidate bacterias of the group that consumed large amounts of barley. - The relationship between #Barley consumption and Bifidobacterium remained after adjusting for disease and dietary habits, and that of #Butyricicoccus remained after adjusting for disease. - Network and cluster analyses revealed that #Barley consumption was directly correlated with Bifidobacterium and #Butyricicoccus. [1.18] - the abundance of oral Bifidobacterium was negatively associated with plasma concentrations of known #Covid-19 biomarkers interleukin 17F (IL-17F) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [1.19] [#Obesity] [#Lactobacillus animalis] - several bacteria such as: #Methanobrevibacter smithii, Bifidobacterium spp., Bifidobacterium animalis, #Escherichia coli, #Akkermansia muciniphila, #Anaerotruncus colihominis and bacteria of the Bacteroidetes strain have the capability to reduce the production of high-calorie substances and therefore also influence the caloric intake. A relatively low frequency of these bacteria correlates with increased body weight, as we have also observed. [#High fibre diet] - vegetables rich in #Inulin increased Bifidobacterium levels, promoted satiety, and reduced body weight [1.21] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - studies have demonstrated striking differences between luminal and mucosal samples within the colon itself, specifically regarding mucosa-associated bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, #Lactobacillus, and #Akkermansia. - the microbial community composition is different between ileal luminal samples from colonic and fecal samples, as well along the length of the colon itself. [1.22] [#Bifidobacterium breve] - in pregnant women, Bifidobacterium represents a key beneficial microbiota genus, with levels observed to increase across #Pregnancy. - using germ-free and specific-pathogen-free mice, we demonstrate that the bacterium Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 modulates maternal body adaptations, placental structure and nutrient transporter capacity, with implications for fetal metabolism and growth [1.23] [#Inulin] [#Inulin] - LCI is associated with an increase in Bifidobacterium. [1.24] - #Allicin (diallylthiosulfinate) is a natural food compound with multiple biological and pharmacological functions. - #Allicin treatment significantly improved GM composition and induced the most significant alteration enrichment of Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus. - #Allicin-induced GM to HFD mice (AGMT) significantly increased Blautia [short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing microbiota] and Bifidobacterium in HFD mice, also increased the SCFAs in the cecum, [1.25] [#Inflamatory bowel disease, #Systemic anti-microbiota IgG] - a modified high-throughput, culture-independent approach to quantify systemic IgG against gut commensal bacteria in human serum samples without the need for paired stool samples. - Using this approach, we highlight several commensal bacterial species that elicit elevated IgG responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including taxa within the clades #Collinsella, Bifidobacterium, #Lachnospiraceae, and #Ruminococcaceae. [1.26] [#Asthma] [#Children] - low α-diversity and relative abundance of particular gut-commensal bacteria genera (Bifidobacterium, #Faecalibacterium, #Ruminococcus, and #Roseburia) are associated with childhood respiratory diseases. [1.27] - #Clostridium bartlettii and Bifidobacterium spp. produce ILA and IAA [1.28] [1.29] [#Bifidobacterium longum] [#Human milk oligosaccharides] [#Human breast milk] - breast fed babies Bifidobacterium spp. is typically high, than in formula fed babies because Bifidobacterium longum utilizes fucosylated oligosaccharides which is present in mother’s milk. [#High fibre plant protein-rich diet] - Bifidobacterium spp. was in direct correlation with intake of dietary protein such as vegetable protein and fibre specifically soluble one which are found in green vegetables like beans, broccoli, asparagus, peas and Brussels sprouts. [#Culinary herbs and spices] - six of seven aqueous culinary spice extracts of oregano, ginger, rosemary, cinnamon, black pepper and cayenne pepper were able to promote the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. in vitro, whereas turmeric was not. - stimulation of #Lactobacillus spp. and inhibition of certain #Clostridium spp. by all seven spices. - increase in most #Clostridium spp. after turmeric and curcumin intervention in a human study. - high consumption compared to low consumption of #Cocoa derived flavanols, significantly stimulated growth of Bifidobacterium spp. and #Lactobacillus spp. [#Obesity] - #Acetic acid, a product of Bifidobacterium spp. known to function as an appetite suppressant, was found to be most abundant in the faeces of mice following #Ginger supplementation. [1.31] [#Autism] - The depletion of Bifidobacterium species has been reported widely in ASD. - #Bifidobacteria are SCFA producers, and “psychobiotics” , and they modulate the gut–brain signals via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and #Glutamate metabolism. - Bifidobacterium have been reported to improve behavior and prevent #Depression-like behaviors in mice. [#Autism] - lower levels of #Prevotella and Bifidobacterium may lead to reduced levels of #Folate production due to diminished #Folate-dependent remethylation in ASD [1.32] [#Parkinson’s Disease] - Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus species, which are common constituents of commercial probiotics, were more abundant in PD than NHC metagenomes. [1.33] [#Alzheimer’s disease] - AD > A positive correlation between the pro-inflammatory cytokines and Escherichia/Shigella (pro-inflammatory taxon) and a negative correlation with #Eubacterium rectale (anti-inflammatory taxon). - a decrease in #Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium and increased levels of #Proteobacteria, #Actinobacteria - a disputed frequency of #Bacteroidetes in various studies.. [1.34] - #Inulin > increase genera #Blautia, #Anaerostipes, and Bifidobacterium [#Parkinson’s Disease] - PD > increased relative abundance of family Enterobacteriaceae, genera #Akkermansia, #Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium. - PD > decreased relative abundance of family #Lachnospiraceae, #Faecalibacterium [1.35] [#Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), #Parkinson’s Disease] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - short-chain fatty acids-producing genera were decreased in DLB. - #Ruminococcus torques and #Collinsella were increased in DLB, which were not changed in PD. - high #Ruminococcus torques and high #Collinsella, which presumably increase intestinal permeability, as well as low Bifidobacterium, which are also observed in #Alzheimer’s disease, were predictive of DLB. [1.36] [#Polyphenol-rich supplementation] - Polyphenols supplementation significantly increase the #Lactobacillus by 220% and Bifidobacterium by 56% (mostly anthocyanins). - [1.37] - Bifidobacterium abundance was decreased by the supplementation of #Onion and #Pumpkin by 0.3-fold. [#Breast cancer] - #Enterobacter, #Bacteroides, and Bifidobacterium were more abundant in patients with BC. - #Pseudomonas, #Staphylococcus, #Acinetobacter, and #Corynebacterium 1 were more abundant in healthy controls. [1.38] - it seems to exist a negative correlation between #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts with #Sleep and cortisol levels respectively [#Bipolar disorder, #Major depressive disorder, #Schizophrenia] - MDD was often characterized by higher #Alistipes and #Parabacteroides and lower #Prevotella; BD by higher Bifidobacterium and #Oscillibacter; and SZ by higher #Prevotella and lower #Bacteroides, #Haemophilus, and #Streptococcus [1.39] [#High-protein diet] - Excessive protein intake > causing the growth of protein fermenting bacteria as #Clostridium, #Desulfovibrio, #Peptostreptococcus, #Acidaminococcus, #Veillonella, #Propionibacterium, Bacillus, #Bacteroides, #Staphylococcus, and other species of the #Proteobacteria family, and the loss of carbohydrate fermenting bacteria such as #Bacteroides, #Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, #Prevotella, #Ruminococcus, #Roseburia, and #Faecalibacterium. [#Infants] - Bacterial genera commonly found in the infant small intestine include #Lactobacillus, #Clostridium, #Staphylococcus, #Streptococcus, #Bacteroides, and Bifidobacterium -#Clostridia and #Enterobacteriaceae could also be involved in #Phosphatidylcholine metabolism, which decreases the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. due to competition for the substrate. [#Infants] Greater proportions of #Palmitic acid in the pool of triacylglycerides, for instance > higher levels of fecal #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in neonates. [1.41] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] [#Aging] - Age-related intestinal dysbiosis is generally characterized by a decrease in short-chain fatty acid producers, for example, #Clostridiales, and Bifidobacterium, and enrichment of pro-inflammatory #Proteobacteria including the opportunistic #Enterobacteriaceae. [1.42] [#Anorexia nervosa] - In AN : The abundance of Bifidobacterium and #Parasutterella, in absolute terms, showed positive correlations with perfectionism and body dissatisfaction, respectively. [1.43] - Certain microorganisms, including Bifidobacterium, #Escherichia spp., #Bacteroides, and #Parabacteroides, produce #GABA, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter [1.44] [#Soybean] - high intake of milk and soy beverages was associated with a higher abundance of beneficial faecal microbes including #Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, and #Parabacteroides. - consumption of fermented soy milk was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium, bifidobacteria and/or Lactobacillus compared to unfermented soy milk. [1.45] [#CVD, #Obesity] [#Inulin-Type Fructans] - Addition of ITF to the #Plant-based diet reduced microbial diversity and selectively increased Bifidobacterium and #Faecalibacterium. -- The change in the latter was significantly associated with higher values of insulin and HOMA-IR and lower HDL #Cholesterol. - The LDL:HDL ratio and the concentrations of IL-10, MCP-1 and TNFα were significantly elevated in the ITF-subgroup. [1.46] [#humanized Galactooligosaccharides] - #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium specialize in oligosaccharide fermentation, utilizing galactooligosaccharides (GOS), #Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and #Polysaccharide #Inulin [1.47] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Olive] - #Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium are often greatly reduced in patients with AD. - Both of these bacterial types, populations of which are elevated with EVOO consumption, can produce γ-aminobutyric acid (#GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, likely influencing GABAergic firing in the brain via the enteric and vagal nervous systems. - Extra-virgin #Olive oil ingestion in rodents also can promote the growth of certain types of beneficial #Bacteria including species of #Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides, and #Clostridium, and members of the Erysipelotrichaeae. [#Olive] - both the #Peanut oil and EVOO significantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and reduced #Blautia levels and also had favorable effects on body weight, #Cholesterol levels, and insulin sensitivity. [#Obesity] [#Olive] - in humans, EVOO has prebiotic effects, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria such as #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Specifically, a #Mediterranean diet supplemented with 40 g/day EVOO for 3 months administered to 18 overweight/obese participants resulted in significantly increased levels of #Lactic acid bacteria compared to baseline. [1.48] [#Athletes] - #Faecalibacterium, #Sutterella, #Clostridium, #Haemophilus, and #Eisenbergiella were the most abundant in bodybuilders, while Bifidobacterium and #Parasutterella were the least abundant. [1.49] [#Human breast milk] - Lack of exclusive breastfeeding and early cessation is associated with reduced relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp and lower stool levels of #Acetate. [#Human breast milk, #Infants] - #Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) facilitate the expansion of Bifidobacterium species, which have an instrumental role in the development of T cell-dependent IgA responses and have been linked to higher numbers of memory B cells during infancy - The #Actinobacteria phylum includes pathogens (species of #Corynebacterium, #Mycobacterium, #Nocardia, and #Propionibacterium), #Soil inhabitants (Micromonospora and #Streptomyces species), plant commensals (Frankia spp.), and GI commensals (Bifidobacterium spp.) [#Diabetes Type 1] - Studies have reported an increased quantity of #Villanella, #Clostridium, and #Bacteroides and a decreased quantity of #Lactobacillus, #Eubacterium rectale, #Blautia coccoides, and Bifidobacterium in #Children with type 1 diabetes. - #Diabetes Type 1 > negative correlation has been reported between plasma #Glucose level and Bifidobacterium, #Lactobacillus spp., and #Firmicutes and #Bacteroidetes spp., while there has been positive correlation between #Clostridium and plasma #Glucose level. [#Irritable bowel syndrome] - IBS patients have increased levels of the bacterial families #Enterobacteriaceae, #Lactobacillaceae, and #Bacteroidales, whereas Bifidobacterium, #Faecalibacterium, and #Clostridiales were decreased compared with healthy controls. [#Irritable bowel syndrome] - IBS was typified by enhanced quantities of #Firmicutes and specifically in #Ruminococcus, #Clostridium, and #Dorea, along with a distinct decrease of beneficial microbes, such as Bifidobacterium and #Faecalibacterium spp [1.51] - A similar correlation with high absolute tissue eosinophil counts and percentages of tissue eosinophils is also seen in the abundance of the genera #Parabacteroides, Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides, #Microbacterium, #Faecalibacterium, #Lactococcus, #Desulfovibrio, and #Ruminococcus. [#Children] - the abundances of Bifidobacterium and #Ruminococcus increased gradually over time from age 6 months to age 8 years [#Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis] - nasal dysbiosis in eCRSwNP was defined by increased relative abundances of #Sphingomonas, #Moraxellaceae, #Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, #Ruminococcus, and #Faecalibacterium, as well as by decreased abundances of #Ralstonia, #Propionibacterium, and Propionibacter. [1.52] [#Bifidobacterium longum] [#Plant-based diet] - #Plant protein intake correlates more closely with enrichment of some members of the Bifidobacterium genus (e.g., B. longum) [#Antibiotic Therapy, #Immune checkpoint inhibitor] - decrease in the abundance of Bifidobacterium members with antibiotics use was associated with impaired response to ICI targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) [#Akkermansia muciniphila] [#Immune checkpoint inhibitor] - The most prominent taxa associated with good response to ICI across different #Cancer types are #Phascolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium, A. muciniphila and #Rothia. [1.53] [#Autism] - #Prevotella, #Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium were predominantly associated with the cytokine differentials. [1.54] [#Aromatic amino acid, #Lactic acid] - Bifidobacterium species is the main producers of aromatic lactic acids in #Infants’ gut [1.55] - The human gut microbiome has been sorted into five “enterosignatures.” - These are dominated by #Bacteroides, #Firmicutes, #Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, or #Escherichia. [1.56] [#ICI therapy] - Bifidobacterium species to be associated with increased anti-PD-L1 activity [1.57] - protective role against #Female infertility, > #Ruminococcus, #Desulfovibrio. #Bifidobacteriales, Bifidobacterium, #Actinobacteria, #Ruminococcaceae NK4A214, #Bifidobacteriaceae, #Actinobacteria, #Holdemania. [1.58] - #Leptin serum level was positively correlated with the abundance of Bifidobacterium and ##Lactobacillus whereas #Leptin serum level was negatively correlated with #Clostridium, #Bacteroides and, #Prevotella [#Postmenopausal] - Gut #Bacteria that possess β-glucuronidase and/or β-galactosidase activity can metabolize #Estrogen including Bifidobacterium, #Faecalibacterium, #Lactobacillus, #Veillonella [1.59] [#Atrial fibrillation] - possible negative association of prevalent AF with Bifidobacterium, and a positive relation for incident AF. - In #Heart failure patients, the genus Bifidobacterium is depleted. - Bifidobacterium has been positively correlated with ejection fraction and negatively with the cardiac stress marker N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide. [#Atrial fibrillation] - #Enorma, Bifidobacterium, and #Eisenbergiella were among the top associations of prevalent and incident AF. - At the genera level, the top association of prevalent AF was observed with #Enorma. - #Enorma belongs to the family of Coriobacteriaceae, which were among the core families related to #Heart failure [#Systemic lupus erythematosus] - Bifidobacterium can maintain the balance of Treg/Th17/Th1 by suppressing the excessive activation of CD4+ lymphocytes in SLE patients [1.61] - #Plant protein intake correlates more closely with enrichment of some members of the Bifidobacterium genus. [#Immune checkpoint inhibitor] - increased abundance of #Akkermansia muciniphila, #Phascolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium and #Rothia in stool are consistently associated with better response to ICI treatment. - A. muciniphila is also more abundant in stool in patients with higher muscle mass, and muscle mass is a strong positive prognostic marker in #Cancer, including after ICI treatment. [1.62] [#Colorectal cancer] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] [#Zizyphus jujuba cv. Muzao] -ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. - ZMP also increased the richness of Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides and #Lactobacillus. [1.63] - 60 bacterial genera from human gut microbiota (#Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, #Escherichia, #Faecalibacterium, and #Lactobacillus,) > encode β-glucuronidase and/or β-galactosidase > impacting endogenous #Estrogen metabolism [1.64] - Type 4 CST is characterized by having low levels of #Lactobacilli and high bacterial diversity. - This type can result in vaginal dysbiosis, which may increase the risk of infections and health complications such as STIs and #Pelvic inflammatory disease. - Not all Type 4 communities are harmful. - Women can be asymptomatic or colonized with protective bacteria such as Bifidobacterium. - Type 4 is further divided into three subtypes. [1.65] - an increase of Bifidobacterium and #Eggerthella in #Infants who succeeded on at least one of the point and gaze subtests, while having a lower abundance of #Hungatella and #Streptococcus. [1.66] [#Oat] - increase in Bifidobacterium and #Akkermansia, as well as a reduction in the #Sutterellaceae family when 80 g/d of oats were consumed as part of a normal diet for 45 days - certain Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides, and #Lactobacillus species that have high activities of #Bile Salt hydrolase, the enzyme responsible for the deconjugation of #Bile Acids. [1.67] [#Alzheimer’s disease] - In AD > Gavage with #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium restored these changes in the wild-type mice. [1.68] - #Inulin as a #Prebiotic > increased Bifidobacterium and #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and decreased #Bilophila after #Inulin digestion by human volunteers [1.69] [#Clostridioides difficile, #Lactobacillus bulgaricus, #Lactobacillus delbrueckii] - There are several bacteria that can produce #Folate in the gut, which include #Bacteroides fragilis, #Prevotella copri, #Clostridium difficile, #Lactobacillus plantarum, L. reuteri, L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, #Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium spp. (some species), #Fusobacterium varium, and #Salmonella enterica [#Bifidobacterium adolescentis, #Bifidobacterium bifidum, #Bifidobacterium breve, #Bifidobacterium infantis, #Bifidobacterium longum] - Bifidobacterium species are categorized on the basis of their #Folate-producing ability: high #Folate producers—Bifidobacterium bifidum and B. longum subsp. Infantis, and low #Folate producers—B. breve, B. longum subsp. longum, and B. adolescentis. - Bifidobacterium, #Slackia, #Enterococcus, Thiococcus, #Klebsiella, #Serratia, and #Enterobacter abundances were also decreased with #Vitamin B6 supplementation in #Lactose-intolerant patients . [#Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] - #Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium improve the self-control and attention of #Children with ADHD [#Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] - #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium producers of #GABA, which is known to decrease in patients with ADHD > Ameliorate ADHD [#Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] - Bifidobacterium was increased in patients with ADHD, which was linked with the enzyme involved in the #Dopamine precursor (#Phenylalanine) synthesis [#Autism] - the levels of Bifidobacterium (known as beneficial bacteria, such as #Lactobacillus species) were significantly lower in the stool of #Children with ASD - After probiotic supplementation, there was a significant increase in the colony counts of Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus with significant improvement in the severity of ASD and gastrointestinal symptoms. - Bifidobacterium species produce #GABA [1.71] [#Inulin-Type Fructans (ITF)] - #Starch and fructans cannot be degraded by Bifidobacterium [1.72] - Gut bacteria, specifically of the genera Bifidobacterium, #Clostridium, and #Lactobacillus, can produce enzymes such as β-glucuronidases that modify excreted estrogens, causing them to be retained in the body via reabsorption into circulation. This leads to increased #Estrogen levels which can cause several hormone-linked diseases. [1.73] - Some oral bacteria belonging to genera #Lactobacillus, #Lactococcus, Bifidobacterium, #Streptococcus, #Leuconostoc, and #Pediococcus produce #Lactic acid [1.74] - Although 5-aminosalicylates affect the host gut pH and promote the growth of Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus, and #Wheat consumption has also been linked to their enrichment. [#Genome] - In addition to Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus, our study found a significant enrichment of #Streptococcus, a #Lactic acid-producing bacteria, in patients with #Ulcerative Colitis (UC). - This is in contrast to the majority of earlier studies from west. - This increase in #Streptococcus abundance has also been observed in UC patients from different populations. [#Ulcerative Colitis] - increased abundance of #Nitrate-reducing bacteria in UC patients. - persistent inflammation in UC patients accumulates nonfermentable #Nitrate. - Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus can utilize nonfermentable forms of #Nitrate. [1.75] [#Pulmonary tubercolosis, #Tuberculosis] - The genera #Parabacteroides, #Bacteroides, #Lachnoclostridium, and #Fusobacterium were markedly enhanced in the PTB group, while #Roseburia, #Blautia, unidentified #Ruminococcaceae, Bifidobacterium, #Romboutsia, and #Fusicatenibacter were enhanced in the HC group. [#Tuberculosis] - #Prevotella and Bifidobacterium were markedly reduced in TB patients. [1.76] - #Butyrate is produced by cross-feeding interactions between #Acetate-producing Bifidobacterium spp. and #Acetate-utilizing #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii [1.77] [#Gastric bypass surgery] - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) resulted in clear alteration in composition of gut fungal and bacterial microbiota. - Before surgery, patients had higher levels of #Firmicutes and #Actinobacteria and lower levels of #Verrucomicrobia - #Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium showed a decrease after surgery and aerotolerant #Streptococcus was increased postoperatively. - The relative abundance of #Proteobacteria was increased after surgery. - Changes in fungal microbiota composition included decreases in #Candida and #Saccharomyces and increases in #Pichia. - levels of #Verrucomicrobia and #Proteobacteria increased after the surgery procedure - Bifidobacteriaceae abundance decreased, whereas Streptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae increased after surgery. - RYGB led to increased #Firmicutes and #Actinobacteria phyla but decreased #Bacteroidetes phylum [1.78] [#Human breast milk] - breastfed #Infants generally have a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreased abundance of #Bacteroides and #Firmicutes compared to non-breastfed #Infants [1.79] [#Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] [#Dopamine] - Bifidobacterium also participates in the DA neural reward system, suggesting that Bifidobacterium is a potential biomarker for ADHD [#Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] - Bifidobacterium produces gamma-aminobutyric acid (#GABA), which is the primary repressive neurotransmitter in the human cerebral cortex. - #GABA levels in #Children with ADHD is reportedly low and negatively correlated with impulsive behavior [#Bacteroides-Prevotella group, #Ruminococcus gauvreauii] [#Keto diet] - The abundance of Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group, #Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and #Blautia significantly increased, whereas that of #Lactobacillus, #Romboutsia, #Facklamia, and #Turicibacter significantly declined in the KD group compared with the ND group. [#Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, #Immune checkpoint inhibitor] - Comparison of pre- and post-FMT stool samples in Immune checkpoint inhibitors patients with complete responses showed significant increases in alpha diversity and increases in the abundances of #Collinsella and Bifidobacterium, which were depleted in FMT responders before FMT. [1.81] [#Alzheimer’s disease] - co-housing wild-type mice with AD transgenic mice or giving them AD transgenic mice feces caused AD-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis, #Tau phosphorylation, and #Cognitive impairment. - Gavage with #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium restored these changes. [1.82] [#Parkinson’s Disease] - #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genus were most abundant in PD patients. #Prevotella VZCB and other #Faecalibacterium were most abundant in controls. [1.83] [#Akkermansia muciniphila] [#Lipopolysaccharide] - the pro-inflammatory nature of a potential pathobiont such as A. muciniphila is determined by the presence or absence of other beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp., modulation of LPS biosynthesis, and immunostimulatory capacity - Only Bifidobacterium and #Akkermansia, have evolved the capacity to utilize mucin as a nutrient source [#Carbohydrate diet] - On a #Fructose-rich diet, mice lost beneficial bacteria such as #Prevotella, #Muribaculum, and Bifidobacterium - These #Fructose-rich diet mice also showed an enrichment of #Desulfovibrio, #Collinsella, #Olsenella, and #Bacteroides as well as increased frequency of immune cells with pro-inflammatory characteristics [#Bifidobacterium adolescentis] - most Bifidobacterium spp. metabolize plant carbohydrates as a main food source, but some, including B. adolescentis, can also utilize mucin as a food source [#Multiple Sclerosis] - Several gut bacteria lacking in MS such as #Prevotella, #Parabacteroides, #Adlercreutzia, and Bifidobacterium can metabolize dietary #Phytoestrogen. [1.84] - #Peanut #Allergy-bound #Children had different abundance trajectories of #Clostridium sensu stricto 1 sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. , with #Butyrate and #Isovalerate decreasing over time. [1.85] [#Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis] [#Probiotic] - Probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus strains, have been shown to reduce oxidative and inflammatory liver damage while also decreasing hepatic triglycerides (TG) and hepatic steatosis. [1.86] [#Keto diet] - Ketogenic diet exposure significantly altered gut microbial community structure, which was characterized by notably decreased Bifidobacterium. [1.87] - T-cells stimulated with #Staphylococci become Th1-type cells; however, this differentiation is mitigated in Bifidobacterium-stimulated T-cells. - prestimulation of T-cells with Bifidobacterium suppresses the activation of #Staphylococcus-specific T-helper cells in a cell-cell dependent manner by inducing FoxP3+CD4+ T-cells, increasing #IL-10 and galectin-1 secretion and showing a CTLA-4-dependent inhibitory capacity. - Bifidobacterium dampens Th responses of severely ill #Covid-19 patients likely contributing to resolution of harmful overreactions of the immune system. [1.88] - Bifidobacterium and #Lactobacillus spp. can convert #Arginine to #Glutamic acid, which is deaminated to aminobutyric acid (#GABA), a key inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS - Bifidobacterium, can use #Arabinoxylan from #Wheat bran or other grains [#Diabetes Type 2] - in T2DM patients > Bifidobacterium, #Lactobacillus, #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and #Butyrate-creating bacteria such as #Roseburia intestinalis and F. prausnitzii abundance decreased [1.89] [#Atopic Dermatitis] [#Clostridioides difficile] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - gut microbiome structure in patients with AD > increased abundance of Clostridium difficile and decreased abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Bifidobacterium. [#Hypercholesterolaemia] - #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which act as beneficial bacteria in the gut, contribute to the prevention of diseases such as hypercholesterolemia [1.91] [#Obesity] - weight loss is associated with reduced #Butyrate production by specific gut microbiota bacteria, such as the #Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera belonging to the #Firmicutes phylum [1.92] - GM mainly controls #Estrogen levels through the secretion of an enzyme called β-glucuronidase, which is encoded by several GM genera, including #Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, #Escherichia, and #Lactobacillus [#Estrogen] - higher levels of taxa that encode for β-glucuronidase, which are mainly Bifidobacterium and #Escherichia, in #Endometriosis women compared with control women. [1.93] [#Moyamoya disease] - the relative abundance of the 2 genera, #Lachnoclostridium and #Fusobacterium, increased in the MMD group, while the relative abundance of the 2 genera, Bifidobacterium and #Enterobacter decreased in the MMD group. [1.94] [#Propionic acid, #Valeric acid] - The lower abundance of Bifidobacterium is the key feature of the microbiota composition associated with severe #Autism. ASD patients presented significantly higher levels of propionic and valeric acids than General Population at 4–7 years, but these differences disappeared at 8–10 years. - Bifidobacterium being reduced in children with severe ASD. [1.95] - P-#Inulin administration altered the composition of the gut microbiota significantly, with an increase in abundance of Bifidobacterium and #Anaerostipes > significant enrichment in microbial metabolites derived from saccharolysis. [1.96] - Nine species in the genus Bifidobacterium were predicted to be #Bilirubin reducers. [1.97] [#Covid-19] [#mRNA vaccine] - Bifidobacterium and #Faecalibacterium showed significant association with high spike IgG titers, irrespective of other factors - Enrichment of Bifidobacterium was correlated with CD4+ T-cell responses and higher antibody titers to parenteral and oral vaccinations. [1.98] [#Autism] - lower faecal #Bifidobacteria abundance in #Children with ASD compared to neurotypical #Children. - Bifidobacterium was decreased in ASD cases compared to controls. - #Bifidobacteria changes correlated with differently abundant metabolites from derivatives of #Tryptophan metabolisms. - dietary interventions either with Bifidobacterium strains or other bacterial strains and/or compounds that increase #Bifidobacteria levels in the gut have shown to improve, not only intestinal outcomes, but also ASD severity [1.99] [#Chronic periodontitis] - the microbiomes of periodontitis patients contained a greater abundance of the genus #Acidaminococcus, #Clostridium, #Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, #Megasphaera, and Romboutsiac. [#Lactobacillus plantarum] [#Lead] - L. plantarum CCFM8661 alleviate Pb toxicity by changing microbiota and metabolites > increase of Bifidobacterium and decrease of #Bilophila > Increased metabolites include #Taurine and #Xanthine in colon, #Lauric acid in serum. [1.101] [#Radiofrequency field] - #Bacillus and Bifidobacterium were the first two bacteria that are notably correlated with most of the differential metabolites, indicating they contribute greatly to the disturbance of microbial metabolism during RF exposure. [1.102] - #Faecalibacterium and #Agathobacter > can produce #Butyrate by cross-feeding with Bifidobacterium [#Clostridium clusters XIVa] - Along with Bifidobacterium, #Cranberry juice stimulated the growth of #Prevotella, #Clostridium XIVa and #Eggerthella, while #Bacteroides was not affected by the #Cranberry juice intake. - arabinogalactan > lead to an increase in Bifidobacterium population and to the acidification of the medium due to the important concentrations of #Formate, #Acetate and #Lactate produced by this genus when fermenting #Cranberry xyloglucans. - #Formate, #Acetate and #Lactate exert antibacterial effects and pH reduction to which #Bacteroides is sensitive [#Phenol] - #Cranberry (poly)phenols have an antimicrobial effect on #Bacteroides, allowing Bifidobacterium to consume #Cranberry oligosaccharides and occupy its microbial niche - fecal and plasmatic ratio of #Butyrate tended to increase in response to the #Cranberry extract, - the increase in the #Butyrate ratio was concomitant to a decrease of the #Acetate ratio, despite the bloom of several #Acetate-producing bacteria such as #Terrisporobacter (former #Clostridium), #Intestinibacter (former #Clostridium), #Dorea (former #Eubacterium) and Bifidobacterium - Species from Bifidobacterium can consume oligosaccharides to release #Acetate and #Lactate, and these intermediate metabolites can be converted into #Butyrate by specific bacteria, such as #Clostridium, by a butyryl-CoA:#Acetate CoA transferase - Bifidobacterium promotes the growth and activity of #Butyrate-producing bacteria, leading to an increase production of #Butyrate in the gut. [1.103] [#Bifidobacterium adolescentis, #Bifidobacterium catenulatum, #Bifidobacterium longum] [#Adult, #Aging] - The most abundant bifidobacterial species found in adults are B. adolescentis, B. catenulatum, and B. longum. - It has been observed that in later stages of life, with an increase in age, levels of Bifidobacterium further decrease. [#Cancer] - a lower abundance of gut resident Bifidobacterium is linked with more aggressive tumors. - Decreased levels of Bifidobacterium will not be able to synthesize enough ##Folate, it will elevate the risk of aneuploidies related to rectal #Cancer, leading to severity in rectal #Cancer cases. [#Gastric carcinoma, #Peptic ulcer] [#Bifidobacterium adolescentis, #Bifidobacterium bifidum, #Bifidobacterium breve, #Bifidobacterium longum, #Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, #Chloracidobacterium thermophilum B, #Helicobacter pylori] - H. pylori infection alone is not sufficient to develop severe gastric abnormalities such as gastric cancer and gastric ulcers. - A lower abundance of gut resident Bifidobacterium genus with specific strains ( B. adolescentis, B. bifidum, B. breve, B. longum, B. moukalabense, B. pseudocatenulatum, and B. reuteri.) plays a significant role in developing severe gastric malignancy. [#Metabolic syndrome] - #Bifidobacteria play a major role in carbohydrate metabolism. #Bifidobacteria have a technique known as the “bifidshunt”, which specifically targets the enzyme #Fructose-6-phosphoketolase. Reduction in Bifidobacterium linked to metabolic dysfunction. - Lower levels of Bifidobacterium will not be sufficient to inhibit tumor growth via the TNF-α-mediated pathway, and therefore, they can participate in #Pancreatic Cancer progression. [1.104] - dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, characterized by a reduction in Bifidobacterium, is associated with increased disease activity in patients with #Autoimmune hepatitis [1.105] [#Autism] [#Triglyceride] - cord serum TG depletion in #Infants with future ASD, and these levels were found to be correlated with Bifidobacterium abundance at 1 year. [#Cognitive impairment] - In stool, Bifidobacterium abundance correlated with #4-hydroxyphenyllactate, which is a metabolite of #Tyrosine—a catecholamine precursor associated with cognitive function. [1.106] [#Diabetes Type 2] - #Blautia, #Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, #Clostridium, #Anaerostipes, #Mediterraneibacter, and #Butyricicoccus abundances were relatively higher in healthy fecal samples than in prediabetic fecal samples. [1.107] [#Human milk oligosaccharides] [#Infants] - Intake of infant formula containing synthetic hMOS has been shown to increase Bifidobacterium abundance and that of its metabolites, especially #Acetate, in infant feces, and to reduce lower respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. [1.108] [#β-hydroxybutyrate] [#Keto diet] - β-hydroxybutyrate synthesized during KD is linked to reduced Bifidobacterium abundance. [#Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis] - patients with #Obesity and NASH demonstrated an abundance of #Lactobacilli, while patients with NASH who were overweight displayed a diminished abundance of Bifidobacterium. - patients with lean NASH displayed a deficiency in Lactobacillus in comparison to their overweight and obese NASH counterparts. [1.109] - #Guar gum primarily enriches Actinobacteriota, specifically Bifidobacterium. [#Cognitive impairment] - In #Depression > Poor current cognitive function associated with lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium [#Cognitive impairment] - higher abundance of #Bacteroidota and lower abundance of Bifidobacterium predict lower cognitive functioning. - Supplementing Bifidobacterium improves cognitive function in animal models and people with varying levels of #Cognitive impairment [1.111] - In aged mice, #Inulin restored potentially beneficial taxa including Bifidobacterium and key #Butyrate producing genera (e.g. #Faecalibaculum).References Notes[ ]
