Disease ⇒ Acute lymphoblastic leukemia {40000486}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - microbiota diversity of paediatric and adolescent ALL groups was significantly lower than that of a control group, and a relatively higher abundance of Anaerostipes, Coprococcus, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus was found in healthy controls
• [1.2] 
  - reduced maternal fibre consumption during #Pregnancy has been linked to increased incidence of childhood ALL.
• [#Bacteroides ovatus, #Pseudomonas aurantiaca, #Roseburia intestinalis, #Roseburia inulinivorans] - #Children with ALL exhibit reduced relative abundance of both #Butyrate-producing species (#Roseburia faecis, R. intestinalis, R. inulinivorans, #Anaerostipes hardus, #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, #Eubacterium ramulus) and #Acetate-producing species (#Prevotella maculosa, P. aurantiaca, #Bacteroides uniformis, B. ovatus)
• - #Roseburia, #Dialister, #Prevotella, #Faecalibacterium and #Anaerostipes showed reduced relative abundance in #Children with ALL at the time of diagnosis
• [#Bacteroides ovatus, #Bacteroides uniformis, #Bacteroides vulgatus] [#Cesarean section] - #Children with ALL at the time of diagnosis were reported to have reduced relative abundance of B. vulgatus, B. ovatus and B. uniformis; that is, immunomodulatory bacterial species whose transmission from mother to child is disrupted by C-section
• [#Cesarean section] - Elective C-section, an established risk factor for BCP-ALL induces persisting compositional and functional instability in the gut microbiome (especially in #Bacteroides spp.) > suppress Treg cell differentiation and compromise gut immune tolerance, leading to the promotion of pro-inflammatory responses.
• - increase in the relative abundance of the phylum #Bacteroidetes was reported in #Children with ALL compared with healthy #Children
• [#Cesarean section, #Cessation of breastfeeding, #Human breast milk, #Socio-economic status] - The risk of BCP-ALL is increased by caesarean section (C-section) birth, brief or absent breastfeeding and paucity of social contacts during infancy. - these social risk factors are shared with type 1 diabetes and allergies, raising the possibility of a common underlying immune priming deficit.
• - reduction in the relative abundance of #Firmicutes in #Children with ALL at the time of diagnosis compared with controls
• - #Children who develop ALL have reduced levels of #IL-10 and enhanced pro-inflammatory signatures at birth, which in turn have been linked to impaired B cell development and increased B cell DNA damage in mouse models of childhood ALL
• - In ALL > #Fasting may inhibit the transformation of preleukaemic clones through enhanced #Leptin receptor signalling in mouse models

References Notes