Disease ⇒ Anorexia nervosa {40000148}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Roseburia a butyrate-producers is reduced compared to controls. - Mucin-degrading bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and archaeon Methanobrevibacter smithii are increased. - Methanobrevibacter smithii can transform hydrogen into methane and has been hypothesized to optimize calorie extraction from a diet with very low-calorie content.
• [1.2] 
  - Bacterial chaperone protein #Escherichia coli caseinolytic protease B (ClpB) and food-derived antigens were recently described to trigger the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with appetite-regulating hormones and neurotransmitters.
• [1.3] 
  - greater viral richness and Shannon diversity in the fecal samples of AN cases compared to controls.
• [#Bulimia nervosa] [#Bacteroides uniformis] - Individuals with AN lacking the genomic region of B. uniformis had greater scores for self-denial and bulimia. - The genetic deletion in B. uniformis could result in the deficiency of thiamine, a vitamin associated with intestinal and mental health. - The #Serotonin synthesis module causally affected BMI through #Glycoursodeoxycholic acid, which is upregulated by #Serotonin.
• [#Actinobacteria] - Anorexia nervosa > lowered Actinobacteriota and #Bacteroidota counts. - Among families of bacteria, #Christensenellaceae species, particularly CAG-138, showed the most significant enrichment in AN.
• [#Bacteroides finegoldii] - Bacterial organisms with significant growth retardation, among AN case individuals included #Alistipes finegoldii, #Akkermansia muciniphila, #Eubacterium siraeum, #Coprococcus catus, SS3/4, and #Odoribacter splanchnicus.
• [#Bacteroides vulgatus] - in AN > Serum #Leucine mediated the influence of B. vulgatus counts on #Glucose homeostasis.
• - In AN : The abundance of #Bifidobacterium and #Parasutterella, in absolute terms, showed positive correlations with perfectionism and body dissatisfaction, respectively.
• [#Clostridium bolteae, #Clostridium innocuum] - In AN : #Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, #Blautia species CAG, and Enterocloster bolteae innocuum (#Clostridium) were increased.
• - Absolute #Brachyspira count showed a positive association with ‘drive for thinness’ markers in anorexia nervosa.
• - IN AN > #Clostridium counts correlated positively with eating disorder scores.
• - The abundance of GBMs for #Serotonin synthesis and degradation of #Tryptophan, #Glutamate, and #Dopamine, were enriched in AN.
• - in anorexia Nervosa :The metabolomic analysis indicated an elevation in metabolites linked to lowered food consumption including #Taurine-hyodeoxycholic acid, #Taurine-α-muricholic acid, and #Indole-3-propionic acid molecules.
• - At the genus level, elevated #Lactobacillus counts were observed in the AN microbiota.
• - In AN, #Roseburia inulinivorans and #Roseburia intestinalis were depleted
• [#Ruminococcaceae] - The Ruminococcacea-enterotype was more prevalent in cases of AN.
• [1.4] [#Caloric restriction] 
  - mucin-degrading bacteria are more abundant in humans on calorie restricted diets or suffering from anorexia nervosa.
• [1.5] [#Bipolar disorder] [#Enterobacteriaceae bacterium] 
  - #Cloacibacillus, an amino-acid-fermenting bacterium, and #IL-6 in BD patients.
• [1.6] 
  - The increase in #Putrescine levels in the long COVID phase may be an indicator of increased protein degradation to help fuel #Pyruvate metabolism.
• [1.7] [#Berberine] 
  - BBR > decrease in #Ruminococcus gnavus and Ruminococcus schinkii and an increase in #Bacteroides were observed in normal mice after treatment with BBR

References Notes