Disease ⇒ Cancer ⇒ Prostate cancer {40000176}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Propionibacterium acnes is the most predominant bacteria found and its presence is significantly associated with prostate tissue inflammation. - Escherichia and also Propionibacterium acnes has the highest relative abundance.
• [1.2] 
  - Androgen deprivation (Abiraterone acetate ) therapy depletes androgen-utilizing Corynebacterium in prostate cancer patients and that oral AA further enriches for the health-associated commensal, Akkermansia muciniphila. - Functional inferencing elucidates a coinciding increase in bacterial biosynthesis of vitamin K2 (an inhibitor of androgen dependent and independent tumor growth)
• [1.3] 
  - unique microbial signature in patients undergoing oral #Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as compared with prostate cancer patients not on ADT. - Patients undergoing ADT also had enrichment of bacterial metabolic pathways promoting androgen synthesis. Together, these studies have identified a unique GU microbiome and linked both the GU microbiome and unique gut microbial signatures with prostate cancer and prostate cancer treatments.
• [1.4] [#High-fat diet, #Western-style diet] 
  - HFD promoted inflammatory PCa growth. - The expression of Hdc, the gene responsible for #Histamine biosynthesis, and #Histamine levels were upregulated in large prostate tumors of HFD-fed mice, and the number of mast cells increased around the tumor foci. - HFD intake induced gut dysbiosis, resulting in the elevation of serum #Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS increased Hdc expression in PCa.
• [1.5] 
  -The antibacterial and antitumor defensin (HBD1) showed decreased levels in prostate cancer patients, while others (HBD2 and 3) were considerably increased. - Abundance of #Staphylococcus, #Corynebacterium and #Oxyphotobacteria genera was significantly higher, the abundance of #Faecalibacterium and #Bacteroides genera were significantly lower in prostate tumor samples compared to non-tumor samples. - #Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and #Faecalibacterium abundance gradually decreased with the combined increase in HBD2 and HBD3. - Higher #Corynebacterium and #Staphylococcus abundances were measured together with higher HBD2 and HBD3 urinary levels.
• [1.6] 
• [1.7] 
  - #Ruminococcus gnavus and #Bacteroides acidifaciens were enriched in the fecal microbiota of castrated (as compared to non-castrated) male mice, and that these species can metabolise androgen precursors, pregnenolone and hydroxypregnenolone, into downstream metabolites of the androgen biosynthesis pathway, dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone.
• - species such as #Bacteroides fragilis, Saimiriine betaherpesvirus, #Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus had a significantly reduced abundance in the malignant as compared to the benign prostate tissue samples.
• [#Bacteroides massiliensis] - Prostate cancer > a higher relative abundance of Bacteriodes massiliensis as well as decreased relative abundances of #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and #Eubacterium rectale in the stool from men with PCa compared to the controls.
• - #Cutibacterium acnes (formerly, #Propionibacterium acnes) is a skin-associated commensal that has been detected in the prostate of men with Prostate cancer in several studies. - C. acnes can induce cell proliferation and the secretion of cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6 and IL-8
• [#Escherichia coli] - E. coli-induced inflammation > onset of Prostate cancer or pre-neoplastic lesions.
• [#Faecalibacterium prausnitzii] - fecal abundances of F. prausnitzii observed in benign as compared to malignant patient samples. - F. prausnitzii is generally considered to have anti-inflammatory properties with its ability to produce butyrate and induce secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
• [#Listeria monocytogenes] - Microbes such as L. monocytogenes are known to play anti-tumor roles in Prostate cancer , for example by stimulating the innate and adaptive immune response
• - Prostate Cancer > increase in the abundance of #Microbacterium species in the T3 tumor samples as compared to the T2 samples
• - Prostate Cancer > #Nevskia ramose was found to have a positive correlation with Gleason score although its significance in PCa is not understood.
• - increase in the abundance of #Shewanella in the malignant as compared to the benign prostate tissue samples. - those that had a higher abundance of #Shewanella were associated with dysregulated host immune response > enabling tumor-immune evasion.
• [1.8] 
  - Prostate Cancer > four novel bacteria #Fenollaria sporofastidiosus and #Peptoniphilus rachelemmaiella and #Varibaculum prostatecancerukia and #Porphyromonas bobii were frequently found in patient urine,
• [1.9] [#Breast cancer, #Menopause] [#Soybean] 
  - soy #Isoflavone intake is associated with a modest reduction in menopausal hot flushes and decreased breast and prostate cancer risk.

References Notes