Disease ⇒ Juvenile idiopathic arthritis {40000216}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] 
  - HLA-B27 spondyloarthropathies (SpA) > #Ankylosing spondylitis, #Reactive arthritis, #Psoriatic Arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, #Acute anterior uveitis, and undifferentiated SpA > segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) have been illustrated to be a common culprit in initiating an arthritogenic reaction. - The Th17 response, induced in the mesenteric lymph nodes by dendritic cells, in such patients specifically targets SFB, resulting in a breach in the mucosal barrier. - This is thought to result from cross-reactivity between HLA-B27 and pathogenic surface antigens. - Other enteric gram-negative pathogens, which mimic HLA-B27, associated with SpA and uveitis include #Shigella, #Chlamydia and #Yersinia
• [1.2] 
  - ABIS JIA had higher abundance of #Acidaminococcales, #Prevotella 9, and #Veillonella parvula and lower abundance of #Coprococcus, #Subdoligranulum, #Phascolarctobacterium, #Dialister spp., #Bifidobacterium breve, #Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, #Roseburia intestinalis, and #Akkermansia muciniphila
• [#Human breast milk] - taxa associated with ABIS JIA had a significant association with shorter durations of breastfeeding, including #Acidaminococcales, #Prevotella 9, #Parabacteroides distasonis, and several ASVs belonging to #Bacteroides, #Veillonella parvula, #Turicibacter sanguinis, #Eggerthella lenta, and P. distasonis.
• [#Antibiotic Therapy] - #Prevotella 9 and #Acidaminococcales were higher in ABIS JIA, #Infants with antibiotic exposures, and #Infants who had #Siblings.
• [#Akkermansia muciniphila] - A muciniphila, a bacterium shown to have numerous positive effects on intestinal homeostasis, epithelial development, and gut barrier function, was significantly reduced in #Infants with future JIA.
• [#Roseburia hominis] - In JIA > reduced #Anaerostipes, #Dialister, #Lachnospira, and #Roseburia have been correlated with rheumatic clinical indices including antibodies, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and clinical JIA disease activity score. - #Dialister, #Lachnospira, and #Roseburia (#Roseburia hominis in 0% of ABISJIA) were three of five genera reduced in ABISJIA, as well as an ASV belonging to #Anaerostipes.
• [#Antibiotic Therapy] - Increased risk of JIA was observed in #Children exposed to antibiotics early in life.
• - Low levels of #Arachidonic acid (AA) and #Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been described in the active phase of JIA, with total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) lower in JIA and negatively correlated with inflammation.
• [#Blautia faecis] - #Blautia faecis was completely absent in ABIS JIA but occurred in half of controls; a reduced incidence of #Blautia has been previously noted cross-sectionally.
• [#Human breast milk] - ABIS JIA were breastfed for a significantly shorter time.
• - #Lachnoclostridium was less abundant in ABISJIA, as in #Children with existing JIA.
• [#Omega 3] - Omega-3 fatty acids have also been shown to improve active joint counts, swollen joints, TNF-alpha, interluekin-1 (IL-1), and disease activity in #Children with JIA, reducing the inflammatory response and clinical manifestation
• - In ABIS, #Parabacteroides distasonis in stool at one year was associated with 6.7-increased odds of later contracting JIA (9.0-increased odds after propensity matching).
• - increased #Prevotella 9 prevalence was found in #Infants who later developed JIA compared to matched controls

References Notes