Parabacteroides ⇒ Parabacteroides distasonis {10000226}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - P. distasonis > negatively associated with celiac disease. - P. distasonis > reduce weight gain, hyperglycemia, and liver steatosis in ob/ob and high-fat diet mice > significantly reduce the severity of intestinal inflammation in murine models of acute and chronic colitis
• [1.2] [#Diabetes Type 1] 
  - The #hprt4–18 peptide produced by bacterium Parabacteroides distasonis mimics an important insulin epitope (insB:9-23). Human and mouse immune cells specific to insB:9-23 cross-react with this bacterial mimic. Further, P. distasonis can accelerate diabetes onset in a mouse model of T1D, inducing destructive immune cells and decreasing protective immune cells. - Seroconversion rates (i.e., the proportion of individuals developing two or more autoantibodies) were consistently higher in children whose microbiome harbored sequences capable of producing the #hprt4–18 peptide compared to individuals who did not harbor it.
• [1.3] [#Oleic acid, #Stearic acid] 
  - mice with severe #Psoriasis-like skin phenotype exacerbated psoriasiform skin inflammation in mice with mild symptoms > increased the abundance of #Prevotella, while decreasing that of Parabacteroides distasonis, in the colon > increasing the abundance of oleic and stearic acids.
• [1.4] [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] 
  - In ME/CFS without IBS, decreased #Tyrosine correlated with decreased P. distasonis.
• [1.5] 
  - Parabacteroides distasonis and #Akkermansia muciniphila have the highest PS for producing #Propionate through the fermentation of #Pyruvate.
• [1.6] [#Rheumatoid Arthritis] 
  - The relative abundance of P. distasonis in new-onset patients with RA and patients with RA with history of the disease was downregulated and this decrease was negatively correlated with Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28)
• [#Rheumatoid Arthritis] - Oral treatment of arthritic mice with live P. distasonis (LPD) considerably ameliorated RA pathogenesis. - LPD-derived #Lithocholic acid (LCA), #Deoxycholic acid (DCA), #Isolithocholic acid (isoLCA) and #3-oxolithocholic acid (3-oxoLCA) had similar and synergistic effects on the treatment of RA. - A specific synthetic inhibitor of bile salt hydrolase attenuated the antiarthritic effects of LPD by reducing the production of these four bile acids.
• [1.7] [#TNF-alfa] 
  - oral administration of Parabacteroides distasonis could reduce the production of TNF-α
• [1.8] 
  - members of the genus #Parabacteroides including #Parabacteroides distasonis were previously found to be decreased in #Autoimmune disease
• [1.9] [#Osteopontin] [#Human breast milk, #Infants] 
  - #Lactalbumin at 42 days, > positively correlated with P. distasonis. - #Lactalbumin have pointed to improved early immunity and intestinal mucosal barrier. - #Lactalbumin and OPN might jointly affect P. distasonis early in life to regulate infant immunity.
• - P. distasonis is associated with increased expression of the tight junction protein #Occludin, indicating that this species plays a protective role in the maintenance of the intestinal epithelial
• [#Osteopontin] [#Human breast milk] - the breast milk OPN content was positively correlated with the abundance of P. distasonis > maintaining and protecting intestinal health and the gut barrier. - the effects of early breast milk OPN may last for several months, as there was still a positive correlation between the breast milk OPN content at 42 days and P. distasonis at 3 months
• - P. distasonis is recurrent in #Crohn’s disease and elevated in #Ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
• [#Autoimmune disease] - P. distasonis , along with #Prevotella copri, increased IFN-gamma-producing cells, possibly a trigger for auto-immunity, and mouse models suggest that P. distasonis may be proinflammatory, activating pathogenic toxins and contributing to #Reactive Oxygen Species via catalase production.
• [#Juvenile idiopathic arthritis] [#Human breast milk] - taxa associated with ABIS JIA had a significant association with shorter durations of breastfeeding, including #Acidaminococcales, #Prevotella 9, Parabacteroides distasonis, and several ASVs belonging to #Bacteroides, #Veillonella parvula, #Turicibacter sanguinis, #Eggerthella lenta, and P. distasonis.
• [#Juvenile idiopathic arthritis] - In ABIS, Parabacteroides distasonis in stool at one year was associated with 6.7-increased odds of later contracting JIA (9.0-increased odds after propensity matching).
• - P. distasonis fermentation could result in the production of #Methane, which has been shown to reduce ileal motility and contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal disorders.

References Notes