Disease ⇒ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis {40000171}
| Type: | Disease |
|---|---|
| Definition: | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| Parent: | [ ] |
| Initialisation date: | 2019-08-25 |
|---|---|
| Other Terms: | ALS |
| MedDra ID: | 10002026 |
|---|---|
| MedDra Level: | pt |
| ICD: | [ ] |
| Category: | Neurology |
| Zone: | [ ] |
| Mechanism: | [ ] |
Notes:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive disease characterised by degeneration of the upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord; this results in focal weakness, which later progresses to affect most muscles, including the diaphragm. The condition is fatal, with patients dying of respiratory failure after a mean progression time of 3-5 years.
References Notes
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Shared Reference Notes
- [1.9]
- Nicotinamide produced by the Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria slowed disease progression and prolonged survival in an ALS mouse model. - Nicotinamide benefits may be linked with improvements in mitochondria function. - Nicotinamide and its intermediary molecules significantly reduced in ALS. - Nicotinamide levels were decreased in the brains of ALS patients; this reduction was associated with enhanced muscle weakness. - Ruminococcus torques and Parabacteroides distasonis worsened ALS symptoms (1) - [1.10]
- IL-8, IL-15, MCP-1 and VEGF-A levels were significantly lower in patients than controls, while others did not show a different distribution among groups. - IP-10 levels were positively correlated with survival. - [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - The fecal SCFA concentrations (µmol/g) were not significantly different between ALS patients and controls, or between patients with different clinical characteristics.
- [1.7]
- Greater abundance of #Ruminococcus, at genus level > related to higher risk of ALS. - #kynurenine > risk factor of ALS. - [1.12]
- In spinal motor neurons human induced pluripotent stem cell lines > elevated levels of #Arachidonic acid. - Pharmacological reduction of #Arachidonic acid levels > reverse ALS-related phenotypes in both human sMNs and in vivo in Drosophila and SOD1G93A mouse models. - [1.13]
- ALS in mice> altered bacterial community related to autoimmunity (e.g., #Clostridium sp. ASF502, #Lachnospiraceae bacterium A4), inflammation (e.g., #Enterohabdus Muris,), and metabolism (e.g., #Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis) at 1- and 2-month-old SOD1G93A mice, suggesting the early microbial contribution to the pathological changes. - [1.8]
- The gut microbial communities of the ALS patients were more diverse and were deficient in #Prevotella spp. compared with those of their spouses. - Predictive analysis of microbial enzymes revealed that ALS patients had decreased activity in several metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, #Butyrate metabolism, and systems involving histidine kinase and response regulators. - [1.4]
- ALS > greater abundance of Escherichia coli and Enterobacteria and lower abundance of yeasts and Clostridium in the patient group