Ferulic acid {90000124}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Ferulic acid, a compound known to have antioxidative and immunomodulatory properties
• [1.2] [#Condition of chronic stress] 
  - in a model of chronic unpredictable mild stress, ferulic acid ameliorated depressive-like behaviors possibly through the upregulation of #BDNF, postsynaptic protein PSD95 levels, and synapsin I in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
• - Ferulic acid has been shown to have potent implications in #Depression.
• [#Lipopolysaccharide] - Ligusticum officinale is an anti-inflammatory plant used in oriental medicine which is rich in ferulic acid and potently can attenuate NF-κB activation in BV2 microglial cells following LPS stimulation.
• - In an outbred ICR mouse model, ferulic acid, in combination with the bioavailability enhancer #Piperine, reduced immobility in the tail suspension and forced swim test by 60% possibly by inhibiting monoamine oxidase activity in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus
• - ferulic acid at 1 mg/kg reduced #Oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory markers in the blood, hippocampus and cerebral cortex of mice
• [#Lactobacillus plantarum, #Streptococcus thermophilus] [#Cypto-chlorogenic acid] - mulberry #Anthocyanins were specifically transformed by S. thermophilus (46.2%) and L. plantarum (43.6%) into #Chlorogenic acid, cypto-#Chlorogenic acid, #Caffeic acid and ferulic acid: all #Phenolic acids with potent anti-inflammatory benefits.
• - Ferulic acid is a #Hydroxycinnaminic acid produced as a microbial metabolite from several #Lactobacillus species and the production of many of its bioactive metabolic products (#Dihydroferulic acid or #Vanillic acid) is dependent on the gut microbiota.
• [1.3] [#Depression, #Stroke, #Transient Ischemic Attack] 
  - ferulic acid is known to be metabolized by gut microbes. - It exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing neuronal cell death and recovers memory deficits in a cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury model. - It has also ameliorated depressionlike behavior and #Oxidative stress.
• [1.4] [#Alzheimer’s disease, #Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, #Multiple Sclerosis, #Parkinson’s Disease] 
  - Ferulic acid (FA), which occurs naturally as the feruloylated #Sugar ester in grains, fruits, and vegetables, is critical for combating #Oxidative stress and alleviating neurodegenerative diseases resulting from free radical-generated protein aggregates in brain cells. - Ferulic acid esterases (FAE) of the gut microbiota are critical enzymes that facilitate FA release from feruloylated #Sugar ester conjugates and influence systemic health.

References Notes