Amyloid {60000036}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Amyloid SUVR uptake is positively associated with - blood LPS - acetate and valerate - pro-inflammatory cytokines - biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction - Amyloid SUVR uptake is is negatively correlated with - butyrate - anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10
• [1.2] [#Alzheimer’s disease] 
  - Specific bacteria, for example, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella enterica can also produce amyloids.
• [1.3] 
  - #Curli fibers are produced by Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Theromosulfobacteria. - #Curli fibers are involved in cytokine production such as type I interferons, activate the Toll-like receptors TLR1 and TLR2 and the intracellular NLR family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome resulting in inflammation. - Amyloid-producing bacteria have been described in systemic lupus erythematosus, reactive arthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, colorectal cancers and other diseases, and progress in understanding their contribution to disease pathogenesis will hopefully bring about potential therapies
• [1.4] [#Autism] [#Alpha-synuclein, #Beta-glucan, #Curli] [#Nichi Glucan] 
• [1.5] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Bacteroides fragilis] [#Amyloid-beta] 
  - Presence of amyloid deposits was associated with greater abundance of proinflammatory taxa (#Escherichia/#Shigella), which were in turn correlated with proinflammatory cytokines, and with reduced abundance of #Eubacterium rectale and B. fragilis, 2 taxa with anti-inflammatory activity
• [1.6] [#Amyloid-beta] 
  - In the mice study, the increased abundance of #Lachnospiraceae family was associated with reduced deposition of β amyloid in brain tissue
• [1.7] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Amyloid-beta, #Phenolic acids] [#Olive] 
  - oral administration of EVOO and specific EVOO phenolic compounds, in particular, can reduce the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and tau neuropathologies in mouse models of AD, resulting in improved memory and cognition.
• [1.8] 
  - patients with PD exhibited a significantly high abundance of the intestinal conditional pathogens, such as #Enterococcus, #Escherichia-#Shigella, and #Proteus. - The abundance of these pathogens was positively correlated with PD duration and unified #Parkinson’s Disease rating scale (UPDRS) score. - Bacillus and #Escherichia-#Shigella secrete amyloid protein and promote the occurrence of diseases. - Amyloid proteins can induce oxidative stress, activate microglia, and release inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 to increase to increase permeability of intestinal epithelial and BBB.
• [1.9] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Amyloid-beta] [#Fasting] 
  - TRF (time-restricted feeding) had the remarkable capability of simultaneously reducing amyloid deposition, increasing Aβ42 clearance, improving #Sleep and memory, and normalizing daily transcription patterns of multiple genes, including those associated with AD and neuroinflammation. - TRF had a major impact on neuropathology, with treated APP23 TG mice displaying a significant reduction in plaque burden and amyloid deposition and a reversal of circulating biomarkers of AD. - TRF protocol was effective in reducing amyloid burden and improving memory in the APP knockin (APP-KI) mouse model.
• - Human neurons up-regulated the neuron-specific maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in response to amyloid plaques. - MEG3 expression alone was sufficient to induce necroptosis in human neurons in vitro. - Down-regulation of MEG3 protected the neurons from dying in the xenograft model of #Alzheimer’s disease.
• [1.11] [#Atherosclerosis] [#Tannerella forsythia] 
  - T. forsythia is orally inoculated in ApoEnull mice, it results in increased serum amyloid A, decreased serum #Nitric Oxide, and elevated serum lipoproteins > increase in total plasma cholesterol levels.
• [#Porphyromonas gingivalis] [#Amyloid-beta] - the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y produced Aβ40 and Aβ42 in response to P. gingivalis, which occurred through the cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor in vitro
• [#Streptococcus mutans] - S. mutans is capable of producing amyloid, as demonstrated in both laboratory and clinically isolated strains. - specific antigens derived from S. mutans walls, such as amyloidogenic adhesin P1 and WapA, can also form amyloid fibrils and influence biofilm development
• [#Streptococcus mutans] - about 20% clinical isolates of S. mutans have the cnm gene, which codes for a glycosylated #Collagen- and laminin-binding surface adhesion > infection and an elevated risk of caries development > cnm may play a role in amyloid aggregation through the #Collagen-binding domain (CBD) of cnm > cnm is a major amyloidogenic protein in S. mutans biofilms.
• [1.12] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Proton pump inhibitors] 
  - PPIs can affect brain cells through various mechanisms, for example, by increasing beta-amyloid levels, involved in the development of AD.
• [1.13] [#Alzheimer’s disease] 
  - AD > lower proportion of bacteria with the potential to synthetize #Butyrate, a microbial metabolite negatively associated with cortical amyloid accumulation.
• - Reduced abundance of the genus #Coprococcus in #Alzheimer’s disease, which is associated with amyloid accumulation.
• [1.14] [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Escherichia coli] [#Alpha-synuclein] 
  - Among the 38 proneurodegenerative E. coli genes identified in the #Genome-wide screen, we previously characterized the genes responsible for producing the bacterial amyloid fibril #Curli, which could enter the host neurons to cross-seed the aggregation of α-syn and promote neurodegeneration.
• [1.15] [#Retinoic acid] 
  - RA, have been suggested to exhibit beneficial effects in #Alzheimer’s disease by mechanisms that involve inhibiting the formation, elongation, and destabilizing effects of β-amyloid fibrils

References Notes