Crohn's disease {40000108}
Definition: | Crohn's disease |
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Class: | [ ] |
Other Terms: | Regional Enteritis, Granulomatous Ileitis, Granulomatous Ileocolitis |
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Authoring date: | 2019-05-15 |
ICD: | [ ] |
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Category: | Gastroenterologic |
MedDra ID: | 10011401 |
MedDra Level: | pt |
Notes
- In Crohn’s disease, the modules increased in the microbiome of cases include degradation of glycosaminoglycans (M00076, M00077, M00078, and M00079) and B-vitamin biosynthesis (M00122, M00123, and M00573). There is a decrease in abundance of modules associated with methanogenesis (M00576), antimicrobial peptide response (M00470), and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis (M00092). (1)
- Prior use of antibiotics was associated with a nearly 2 times increased risk of developing IBD compared with no prior use. (2)
- Patients with Crohns disease showed significantly higher levels of the fungus Candida tropicalis and the bacteria Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens than their healthy relatives. These three organisms interacted in a strategic way to form robust, pathogenic biofilms capable of driving intestinal inflammation (4)
- Electron microscopy showed that E. coli fuse to the C. tropicalis growths. Meanwhile S. marcescens make protein strings that somehow stabilize the biofilm. (5)
- Patients with Crohn NULLs disease showed significantly higher levels of the fungus Candida tropicalis and the bacteria Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens than their healthy relatives. Further in vitro studies showed that these three organisms interacted "in a strategic way" to form robust, pathogenic biofilms capable of driving intestinal inflammation. (6)
- Patients with Crohn's disease showed significantly higher levels of the fungus Candida tropicalis and the bacteria Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens than their healthy relatives. Further in vitro studies showed that these three organisms interacted "in a strategic way" to form robust, pathogenic biofilms capable of driving intestinal inflammation. (13)
Shared Notes
- [1.57]
- Comprehensive overview of functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome during IBD activity showed increases in facultative anaerobes, such as E. coli which correlates with inflammation status, and decreases in obligate anaerobes, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia hominis
-The results of the present study confirmed decreases in the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, increases in Enterobacteriaceae, Pasteurellaceae, and Veillonellaceae and the presence of Fusobacterium in stool samples of CD patients.
- Butyrate-producing bacteria are depleted in IBD patients, and probiotic treatment with these bacteria has therapeutic potential.
- A higher proportion of Lachnospiraceae in donor stool was associated with a higher success rate of FMT [85], and recipients that responded to FMT exhibited increases in butyrate-producing Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae.
- The reduced SCFA levels in patients with IBD result from lower abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, especially those of the phylum Firmicutes. - [1.58]
- Notably, taxonomic perturbations during dysbiosis mirrored those previously observed cross-sectionally in IBD6, such as the depletion of obligate anaerobes including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia hominis in CD and the enrichment of facultative anaerobes such as E. coli.
- depletion of obligate anaerobes including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia hominis in CD and the enrichment of facultative anaerobes such as E. coli.
- The reduction in butyrate in particular is consistent with the previously observed depletion of butyrate producers such as F. prausnitzii and R. hominis, which was also observed here.- depletion of obligate anaerobes including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia hominis in CD and the enrichment of facultative anaerobes such as E. coli
- The reduction in butyrate in particular is consistent with the previously observed depletion of butyrate producers such as F. prausnitzii and R. hominis, which was also observed here. - [1.59]
- Significantly lower abundances of Coprococcus in CD, Dialister in MS, and Roseburia in RA. - [1.60]
- the aggregated relative abundance of Klebsiella species was significantly higher in patients with Crohn NULLs disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis when compared with healthy controls. In addition, several genes that have been previously reported to be increased in the faecal microbiomes of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases -genes that include hemolysin-coregulated protein and enzymes involved in fructose-, galactitol-, mannose-, and long-chain fatty acid-related uptake and metabolic pathways- were enriched in most faecal samples of the patients with inflammatory disease who carried Klebsiella species.
- The common skin resident fungus Malassezia restricta, is also linked to the presence of an IBD-associated polymorphism in the gene for CARD9, a signaling adaptor important for anti-fungal defense. M. restricta elicits innate inflammatory responses largely through CARD9 and is recognized by Crohn NULLs disease patient anti-fungal antibodies. This yeast elicits strong inflammatory cytokine production from innate cells harboring the IBD-linked polymorphism in CARD9 and exacerbates colitis via CARD9 in mouse models of disease. - [1.61]
- Probiotic treatment with butyrate-producing bacteria has therapeutic potential since these bacteria are depleted in IBD patients and butyrate has beneficial effects on epithelial barrier function and overall gut health. - [1.62]
- Bacteroides vulgatus is both directly associated with Th17 immunity and has a higher abundance in active CD relative to non-IBD controls.
- The increase of Bacteroides vulgatus abundance in active CD can induce more Th17 cells that in turn might worsen IBD inflammation.
Common References
- [1.1] A pyrosequencing study in twins shows that gastrointestinal microbial profiles vary with inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes [2010] [80000284] [Gastroenterology]
- [1.2] Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease [2018] [80000679] [Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.3] Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn's disease: data from a non-Western population [2018] [80000941] [Gut Pathogens]
- [1.4] Reduced abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria species in the fecal microbial community in Crohn's Disease. [2016] [80000250] [Digestion]
- [1.5] Metagenomic analysis of crohn's disease patients identifies changes in the virome and microbiome related to disease status and therapy, and detects potential interactions and biomarkers [2015] [80000446] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.6] A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases - does a common dysbiosis exist? [2018] [80000942] [Microbiome]
- [1.7] Fungal dysbiosis in mucosa-associated microbiota of Crohn's disease patients [2016] [80000760] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.8] Dysbiosis of gut fungal microbiota is associated with mucosal inflammation in Crohn's disease [2015] [80000759] [Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology]
- [1.9] Inflammation-related differences in mucosa-associated microbiota and intestinal barrier function in colonic Crohn's disease [2018] [80000896] [American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology]
- [1.10] Disease-specific alterations in the enteric virome in inflammatory Bowel disease [2015] [80001194] [Cell]
- [1.11] Spatial organization and composition of the mucosal flora in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2005] [80000610] [Journal of Clinical Microbiology]
- [1.12] Colonic microbiota is associated with inflammation and host epigenomic alterations in inflammatory bowel disease [2020] [80001325] [Nature communications]
- [1.13] Fecal microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and its relation to inflammation [2015] [80000523] [The American Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.14] Molecular analysis of the gut microbiota of identical twins with Crohn's disease [2008] [80000598] [The ISME Journal]
- [1.15] Subgingival microflora in inflammatory bowel disease patients with untreated periodontitis. [2013] [80000235] [European Journal of Periodontology & Hepatology]
- [1.16] Smokers with active Crohn's disease have a clinically relevant dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota. [2012] [80000551] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.17] Characterization of fungal dysbiosis in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2019] [80000995] [Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.18] Alterations of the subgingival microbiota in pediatric Crohn's Disease studied longitudinally in discovery and validation cohorts. [2015] [80000289] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.19] Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of the microbiota in ulcerated and non-ulcerated regions in the patients with Crohn's Disease [2012] [80000576] [PLOS ONE]
- [1.20] Dysbiosis of fecal microbiota in Crohn's Disease patients as revealed by a custom phylogenetic microarray [2010] [80000285] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.21] Dysfunction of the intestinal microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease and treatment [2012] [80000991] [Genome Biology]
- [1.22] The microbiome in paediatric Crohn's Disease - A Longitudinal, prospective, single-centre study [2019] [80001004] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.23] Terminal Restriction Fragment length Polymorphism Analysis of the Gut Microbiota Profiles of Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease [2012] [80000619] [Digestion]
- [1.24] Fungal microbiota profile in newly diagnosed treatment-naive children with Crohn's disease [2017] [80000761] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.25] Characteristics of fecal and mucosa-associated microbiota in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2014] [80000665] [Medicine]
- [1.26] Differences in the intestinal microbiome of healthy children and patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease [2019] [80001266] [Scientific Reports]
- [1.27] Altered gut microbiota is present in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease [2020] [80001299] [Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition]
- [1.28] Molecular diversity of Escherichia coli in the human gut: new ecological evidence supporting the role of adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) in Crohn's Disease. [2009] [80000538] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.29] Bacterial DNA within granulomas of patients with Crohn's Disease - Dectection by Laser Capture Microdissection and PCR [2004] [80000618] [American Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.30] Mucosa-attached bacterial community in Crohn's Disease coheres with the Clinical Disease Activity Index [2016] [80000447] [Environmental Microbiology Reports]
- [1.31] The microbiome reflects diagnosis and predicts disease severity in paediatric onset inflammatory bowel disease [2019] [80001185] [Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.32] Streptococcus salivarius: a potential salivary biomarker for orofacial granulomatosis and Crohn's Disease? [2019] [80001168] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.33] Increased Gardnerella vaginalis urogenital biofilm in inflammatory bowel disease [2014] [80000633] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.34] Metagenomic analysis of intestinal mucosa revealed a specific eukaryotic gut virome signature in early-diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease [2018] [80000803] [Gut microbes]
- [1.35] Colinic mucosa-associated microbiota is influenced by an interaction of Crohn disease and FUT2 (Secretor) genotype [2011] [80001200] [PNAS]
- [1.36] Gut microbiota dysbiosis in children with relapsing idiopathic nephrotic syndrome [2018] [80000692] [American Journal of Nephrology]
- [1.37] Dysbiosis of salivary microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease and its association with oral immunological biomarkers [2014] [80000489] [DNA Research]
- [1.38] The human mesenteric lymph node microbiome differentiates between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis [2019] [80000860] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.39] Mucolytic bacteria with increased prevalence in IBD mucosa augment in vitro utilization of mucin by other bacteria [2010] [80000253] [The American Journal of Gastroenterology]
- [1.40] Dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with Crohn’s disease and their unaffected relatives. [2011] [80000234] [Gut]
- [1.41] Dominant fecal microbiota in newly diagnosed untreated inflammatory bowel disease patients [2013] [80000659] [Gastroenterology Research and Practice]
- [1.42] Gut microbiota composition and functional changes in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome_DUBLICATE [2018] [80000965] [Science translational medicine]
- [1.43] Remission in Crohn's disease is accompanied by alterations in the gut microbiota and mucins production [2019] [80001221] [Scientific Reports]
- [1.44] Gut Microbial Diversity Is Reduced in Smokers with Crohn's Disease [2016] [80000543] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.45] Low counts of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Colitis microbiota [2009] [80000286] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.46] Altered fecal microbiota in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease [2015] [80000564] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.47] Alterations of mucosal microbiota in the colon of patients with inflammatory bowel disease revealed by real time polymerase chain reaction amplification of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid. [2015] [80000597] [Indian J Med Res]
- [1.48] Specificities of the fecal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease [2006] [80000283] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.49] Clostridium leptum group bacteria abundance and diversity in the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study in India [2013] [80000611] [BMC Gastroenterology]
- [1.50] Reduced diversity of faecal microbiota in Crohn's disease revealed by a metagenomic approach [2006] [80001093] [Gut]
- [1.51] Faecal microbiota dynamics and their relation to disease course in Crohn's Disease [2019] [80001038] [Journal of Crohn's and Colitis]
- [1.52] Decreased abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the gut microbiota of Crohn's disease [2013] [80000586] [Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology]
- [1.53] Alterations in the abundance and co-occurence of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease subjects [2018] [80000842] [Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology]
- [1.54] Alterations in diversity of the oral microbiome in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease [2012] [80000404] [Inflammatory Bowel Diseases]
- [1.55] Detecting microbial dysbiosis associated with pediatric Crohn disease despite the high variability of the gut microbiota [2016] [80000519] [Cell Reports]
- [1.56] Associations of NOD2 polymorphisms with Erysipelotrichaceae in stool of in healthy first degree relatives of Crohn’s disease subjects [2020] [Research] [80000210] [BMC Medical Genetics]
- [1.57] In search for interplay between stool microRNAs, microbiota and short chain fatty acids in Crohn’s disease - a preliminary study [2020] [Research] [80000166] [BMC Gastroenterology]
- [1.58] Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases [2019] [Review] [80000050] [Nature]
- [1.59] A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases—does a common dysbiosis exist? [2018] [Research] [80000038] [Microbiome]
- [1.60] Ectopic colonization of oral bacteria in the intestine drives TH1 cell induction and inflammation [2017] [Research] [80000027] [Science]
- [1.61] Butyrate-producing bacteria supplemented in vitro to Crohn's disease patient microbiota increased butyrate production and enhanced intestinal epithelial barrier integrity [2017] [Report] [80000028] [Scientific Reports]
- [1.62] Inferring intestinal mucosal immune cell associated microbiome species and microbiota-derived metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease [2020] [Research] [80000198] [bioRxiv]