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Hypertension {40000141}

Record Keys
Definition:
Hypertension
Class:[  ]

Details
Other Terms:
HTN , HT, high blood pressure (HBP)
Initialisation date:
2020-09-06

Links

Meta Information
ICD:[  ]
Category:
Cardiovascular
MedDra ID:
10020772
MedDra Level:
pt

Notes

- Higher levels of the genus Ruminococcus > increased risk of high blood pressure. (3)


Shared Notes

  • [1.6] 
    - Sodium reduction > increased all 8 SCFAs > significant increases in 2-methylbutyrate, butyrate, hexanoate, isobutyrate, and valerate.
    - Increased SCFAs > decreased blood pressure and improved arterial compliance > significant sex differences of SCFAs in response to sodium reduction.
    - Sodium reduction only in Female > significant increases in butyrate, hexanoate, isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.
    - In females > changes in isobutyrate, isovalerate, and 2-methylbutyrate > inversely associated with reduced blood pressures.
    - Increased valerate > associated with decreased carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity.
  • [1.7] 
    - Elevated putative succinate-producing bacteria and acetate-producing bacteria > respectively, lower and higher mean arterial pressure in mouse
    - Prevotella and Klebsiella > overrepresented in individuals with pHTN or HTN.
  • [1.8] 
    - A. muciniphila > vitamin B1 productio > may influence blood pressure.
  • [1.9] 
    - Olf78 >The last receptor for SCFAs > observed in the olfactory bulb, enteroendocrine cells, the kidney, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, and heart.
    - Acetate and propionate, but not butyrate > stimulate Olf78 > induces an increase in blood pressure via renin secretion .
  • [1.10] 
    - A 5-day fast followed by a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet reduces systolic blood pressure, need for antihypertensive medications, body-mass index at three months post intervention compared to a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet alone.
    - Fasting alters > gut microbiome > impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production.
  • - Propionate treatment in mice > antihypertensive effect.
  • - 9,10-dichloro-octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) > positive association > microflora including Klebsiella, Prevotella, and Enterbacter > all overrepresented in HTN.
    - In HTN > microbial richness and diversity > decreased with Prevotella-dominated gut enterotype.
    - Faecalibacterium, Oscillibacter, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, and Butyrivibrio > declined in pHTN and HTN patients.
    - The enterotype dominated by Prevotella > increased in pHTN and HTN populations.
    - Stearic acid, an important metabolite in HTN, is positively linked to Prevotella.
    - Prevotella > triggering the inflammatory response > HTN.
  • - Prevotella copri > thrives in a pro-inflammatory environment.
    - The superoxide reductase and phosphoadenosine phosphosulphate reductase encoded by Prevotella copri > may favor the development of inflammation.
    - Colonization with Prevotella copri > enhances body weight loss and exacerbates epithelial inflammation in colitis mouse model.
  • [1.14] 
    - Nitrate-rich supplements > stimulate nitrate reduction by the oral microbiota > resulting in a lowering of blood pressure.
  • [1.15] 
    - Bacteroidetes (Odoribacter and Alistipes genera) > often contribute to the overall butyrogenic pool.
    - SCFA-producing bacteria > may affect blood pressure by direct effects of SCFA on vasodilation or through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)

Common References