Type 2 diabetes {40000105}

Record Keys
Definition:	Type 2 diabetes
Class:	[ ]

Details
Other Terms:	T2D, adult-onset diabetes
Authoring date:	2020-09-06

Links
Wickipedia Merck Manual

Meta Information
ICD:	[ ]
Category:	[ ]
MedDra ID:	10067585
MedDra Level:	pt

Notes

- Enterobacter cloacae B29 induced obesity and insulin resistance in germ-free mice. (3)

- PPI use is associated with reduced diversity of gut microbiome and consistent changes in the microbiota phenotype. (5)

Shared Notes

[1.33]
- Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin degraders, an important role in the preservation of the integrity of the gut mucus layer, thus
limiting the risk of systemic inflammation.
- Dietary polyphenols such as anthocyanins (ACNs) and proanthocyanidins (PACs) protect against metabolic syndrome.
- Supplementation of high-fat diets with ACNs or PACs has been shown to suppress the expression of genes involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis, the regulation of lipogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis, and the assembly of very low density
lipoproteins.
- ACNs and PACs have also been argued to stem the development of insulin resistance by increasing insulin signaling, glycogen accumulation and adiponectin secretion in the presence of free fatty acids.
A. muciniphila abundance has been linked to reduced weight gain, adiposity, insulin resistance, and/or inflammatory markers in many contexts, including during pregnancy.
[1.34]
- Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, an indicator of inflammation, shows a decreased abundance in diabetes and obese persons.

Common References

[1.1] The gut microbial diversity of newly diagnosed diabetics but not prediabetics is significantly different from that of healthy nondiabetics [2020] [80001396] [mSystems]
[1.2] Distribution and diversity of ocular microbial communities in diabetic patients compared with healthy subjects [2018] [80001161] [Current Eye Research]
[1.3] Dysbiosis of urinary microbiota is positively correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus [2017] [80000429] [Oncotarget]
[1.4] Understanding the gut-kidney axis among biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls: an analysis of the gut microbiota composition [2019] [80001227] [Acta Diabetologica]
[1.5] Oral microbiome signatures in diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease [2020] [80001350] [Journal of Dental Research]
[1.6] Subgingival microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 diabetes with different periodontal and metabolic conditions [2019] [80001165] [International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]
[1.7] Association between blood microbiome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study [2019] [80000931] [Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis]
[1.8] A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. [2012] [80000240] [Nature]
[1.9] Relationship between alterations of urinary microbiota and cultured negative lower urinary tract symptoms in female type 2 diabetes patients [2019] [80001099] [BMC Urology]
[1.10] How ocular surface microbiota debuts in type 2 diabetes mellitus [2019] [80001133] [Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology]
[1.11] Distinct gut metagenomics and metaproteomics signatures in prediabetics and treatment-naïve type 2 diabetics [2019] [80001084] [EBioMedicine]
[1.12] The oral microflora in obesity and type-2 diabetes [2012] [80000448] [Journal of Oral Microbiology]
[1.13] Quantitation and Composition of Cutaneous Microbiota in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Men [2013] [80000458] [Journal of Infectious Diseases]
[1.14] Gut metagenome in european women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control. [2013] [80000308] [Nature]
[1.15] Gut microbiome profiles are associated with type 2 diabetes in urban africans [2020] [80001362] [Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology]
[1.16] Whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing of the subgingival microbiome of diabetics and non-diabetics with different periodontal conditions [2019] [80001055] [Archives of Oral Biology]
[1.17] Implication of the gut microbiome composition of type 2 diabetic patients from northern China [2020] [80001348] [Scientific Reports]
[1.18] Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and herpse simplex virus type 1 in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in south-eastern Poland [2019] [80001088] [PLOS ONE]
[1.19] Metagenomic analysis of duodenal microbiota reveals a potential biomarker of dysbiosis in the course of obesity and type 2 diabetes: a pilot study [2020] [80001381] [Journal of Clinical Medicine]
[1.20] The oral microbiome profile and biomarker in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [2020] [80001313] [Endocrine]
[1.21] Gut dysbiosis and detection of "live gut bacteria" in blood of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes [2014] [80000309] [Diabetes Care]
[1.22] The alteration of gut microbiota in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients [2019] [80000922] [Nutrition]
[1.23] Comparison of gut microbiota in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls [2017] [80001069] [Microbial Pathogenesis]
[1.24] Alterations in fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in type 2 diabetic patients in Southern China population [2013] [80000585] [Frontiers in Physiology]
[1.25] Gut microbial diversity assessment of Indian Type -2-diabetics reveals alterations in eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. [2017] [80000442] [Frontiers in Microbiology]
[1.26] Investigation of the effect of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on subgingival plaque microbiota by high-throughput 16S rDNA pyrosequencing [2013] [80000790] [PLOS ONE]
[1.27] Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults. [2010] [80000239] [PLOS ONE]
[1.28] Obese individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes show different gut microbial functional capacity and composition [2019] [80001082] [Cell Host & Microbe]
[1.29] Community analysis of chronic wound bacteria using 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing: impact of diabetes and antibiotics on chronic wound microbiota. [2009] [80000367] [PLOS ONE]
[1.30] Gut microbiota imbalances in Tunisian participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus [2019] [80001121] [Bioscience Reports]
[1.31] Differential adaptation of human gut microbiota to bariatric surgery-induced weight loss [2010] [80001231] [Diabetes]
[1.32] An Almond-Based Low Carbohydrate Diet Improves Depression and Glycometabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes through Modulating Gut Microbiota and GLP-1: A Randomized Controlled Trial [2020] [Research] [80001462] [Nutrients]
[1.33] The microbial pharmacists within us: a metagenomic view of xenobiotic metabolism [2016] [Review] [80000001] [Nature Reviews Microbiology]
[1.34] Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome [2014] [Review] [80000056] [Nature]

Increased abundance of

‐ Acidaminococcus Faeces ‎Human [1.1]

‐ Acinetobacter Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Acinetobacter Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Actinobacteria Faeces ‎Human [1.4]

‐ Actinomyces Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Actinomyces Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Actinomyces georgiae Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Actinomyces israelii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Actinomyces naeslundii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Actinomyces viscosus Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Actinotalea Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Akkermansia muciniphila Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Akkermansia muciniphila ‎Curative

‐ Alishewanella Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Alistipes Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Alistipes Faeces ‎Human [1.4, 1.8]

‐ Bacteroides Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Bacteroides Faeces ‎Human [1.4]

‐ Bacteroides caccae Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Bacteroides coprophilus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Bacteroides finegoldii Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Bacteroides intestinalis Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Bifidobacteriaceae Faeces ‎Human [1.4]

‐ Bifidobacterium Oral swab ‎Human [1.12]

‐ Brevibacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Brevibacterium Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Burkholderia Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Campylobacter gracilis Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Campylobacter rectus Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Campylobacter showae Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Capnocytophaga ochracea Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Capnocytophaga sputigena Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Chryseobacterium Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Clostridium boltae Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Clostridium bolteae

‐ Clostridium clostridioforme Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Clostridium hathewayi Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Clostridium ramosum Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Clostridium symbiosum Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Collinsella intestinalis Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Comamonas Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Corynebacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Corynebacterium Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Corynebacterium Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Corynebacterium matruchotii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Deinococcus Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Delftia Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Dermacoccus Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Desulfovibrio piger Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Dialister Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.16]

‐ Dorea Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Eggerthella Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Eggerthella lenta Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Enterobacter cloacae B29 ‎Causal

‐ Enterococcus Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Epstein-Barr virus Saliva ‎Human [1.18]

‐ Escherichia Faeces ‎Human [1.1]

‐ Escherichia Tissue biopsie ‎Human [1.19]

‐ Escherichia coli Faeces ‎Human [1.8, 1.11]

‐ Eubacterium Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Eubacterium biforme Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Eubacterium saburreum Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Finegoldia Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Fusobacterium Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Fusobacterium nucleatum Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Fusobacterium periodonticum Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Gemella Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Haemophilus Buccal swab ‎Human [1.20]

‐ Halomonas Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Human papillomavirus Saliva ‎Human [1.18]

‐ Klebsiella Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Kocuria Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Lachnospiraceae Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Lactobacillus Tissue biopsie ‎Human [1.19]

‐ Lactobacillus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Lactobacillus Faeces ‎Human [1.1, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23]

‐ Lactobacillus acidophilus Faeces ‎Human [1.24]

‐ Lactobacillus bulgaricus Faeces ‎Human [1.24]

‐ Lactobacillus gasseri Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Lactobacillus plantarum Faeces ‎Human [1.21]

‐ Lactobacillus reuteri Faeces ‎Human [1.21]

‐ Lactobacillus rhamnosus Faeces ‎Human [1.24]

‐ Lactobacillus ruminis Faeces ‎Human [1.25]

‐ Lactobacillus salivarius Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Leptotrichia Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Megasphaera Faeces ‎Human [1.1]

‐ Megasphaera elsdenii Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Methanobrevibacter Faeces ‎Human [1.25]

‐ Microbacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Micrococcus Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Micrococcus Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Micrococcus Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Neisseria Buccal swab ‎Human [1.20]

‐ Neisseria Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Neisseria mucosa Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Olsenella Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Parabacteroides Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Parabacteroides distasonis Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Parvimonas micra Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Pedobacter Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Peptostreptococcus Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Prevotella Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Prevotella Faeces ‎Human [1.15, 1.27]

‐ Prevotella Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Pseudoclavibacter Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Pseudomonas Buccal swab ‎Human [1.20]

‐ Rheinheimera Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Roseburia Faeces ‎Human [1.27]

‐ Rubellimicrobium Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Ruminococcaceae Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Ruminococcus gnavus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Sediminibacterium Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Selenomonas Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Selenomonas artemidis Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Shigella Faeces ‎Human [1.28]

‐ Shigella Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Shuttleworthia Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Sphingomonas Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Staphylococcus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Staphylococcus Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Stenotrophomonas Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Streptococcaceae Tissue biopsie ‎Human [1.29]

‐ Streptococcus Buccal swab ‎Human [1.20]

‐ Streptococcus Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Streptococcus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Streptococcus anginosus Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Streptococcus constellatus Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Streptococcus gordonii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Streptococcus intermedius Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Streptococcus mutans Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Streptococcus salivarius Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Streptococcus sanguinis Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Subdoligranulum Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Tannerella Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Veillonella parvula Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.6]

‐ Weeksella Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

Decreased abundance of

‐ Acinetobacter Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Acinetobacter Buccal swab ‎Human [1.20]

‐ Actinomycetales Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Adlercreutzia Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Aggregatibacter Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Akkermansia Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Akkermansia muciniphila Faeces ‎Human [1.11, 1.30]

‐ Akkermansia muciniphila Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Anaerostipes Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Anaerostipes Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Aquabacterium Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Arcanobacterium Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Arcobacter Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Atopobium Faeces ‎Human [1.21]

‐ Bacteriodes uniformis Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Bacteroides ovatus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Bacteroides vulgatus ‎Causal

‐ Bifidobacterium Faeces ‎Human [1.17, 1.23]

‐ Bifidobacterium Tissue biopsie ‎Human [1.19]

‐ Bifidobacterium ‎Causal

‐ Bifidobacterium adolescentis Faeces ‎Human [1.24]

‐ Bilophila Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Blautia coccoides Faeces ‎Human [1.21, 1.22]

‐ Bradyrhizobiaceae Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Butyricimonas Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Campylobacter Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Capnocytophaga ochracea Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Cardiobacterium valvarum Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Cellulosilyticum ruminicola Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Clostridium bartletti Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Clostridium beijerinckii Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Clostridium botulinum Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Clostridium butyricum Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Clostridium leptum Faeces ‎Human [1.22]

‐ Clostridium paraputrificum Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Clostridium thermocellum Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Collinsella Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Coprococcus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Corynebacterium matruchotii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Desulfurispirillum indicum Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Dialister invisus Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Dorea Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Epulopiscium Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Erysipelotrichaceae Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Eubacterium Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Eubacterium rectale Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Faecalibacterium Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Faecalibacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Faeces ‎Human [1.8, 1.25, 1.30, 1.31]

‐ Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ‎Causal

‐ Filifactor Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.16]

‐ Fusobacterium Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Gallicola Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Haemophilus Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Haemophilus parainfluenzae Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Klebsiella Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Kocuria Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Lachnobacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Lachnospira Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Lachnospiraceae Faeces ‎Human [1.25]

‐ Leptotrichiaceae Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Mannheimia Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Megamonas Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Methanosphaera Faeces ‎Human [1.25]

‐ Moraxellaceae Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Murdochiella Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Neisseria Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.5]

‐ Neisseria flavescens Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Novosphingobium Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Odoribacter Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Oscillospira Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Parabacteroides Faeces ‎Human [1.17]

‐ Paraprevotella Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Pediococcus Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Peptoniphilus Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Phascolarctobacterium Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Prevotella Faeces ‎Human [1.4, 1.21]

‐ Prevotella copri Faeces ‎Human [1.25]

‐ Prevotella loescheii Subgingival plaque ‎Human [1.26]

‐ Propionibacterium Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Proteobacteria Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Pseudomonas Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.10]

‐ Pseudomonas Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Pseudonocardia Blood ‎Human [1.7]

‐ Pyramidobacter piscolens Faeces ‎Human [1.14]

‐ Roseburia hominis Faeces ‎Human [1.11]

‐ Roseburia intestinalis Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Roseburia inulinivorans Faeces ‎Human [1.8]

‐ Rubrobacter Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Ruminococcus lactaris Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Ruminococcus productus Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Shewanella algae Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Solitalea Urine ‎Human [1.9]

‐ Staphylococcus Foot swab ‎Human [1.13, 1.13]

‐ Staphylococcus Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Streptococcus Foot swab ‎Human [1.13]

‐ Streptophyta Conjunctival swab ‎Human [1.2]

‐ Sutterella Urine ‎Human [1.3]

‐ Sutterella Faeces ‎Human [1.1]

‐ Terrisporobacter glycolicus Faeces ‎Human [1.15]

‐ Xanthomonas Blood ‎Human [1.7]

References

(2) Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, Li S, Zhu J, Zhang F et al. (2012). A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 490: 55?60. [Research] [2012]

(3) Fei N, Zhao L. (2013). An opportunistic pathogen isolated from the gut of an obese human causes obesity in germfree mice. ISME J 7: 880?884. [Research] [2013]

(5) hRegular use of PPIs linked with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, study suggests [Method] [2020]

(7) Gastrointestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetes [Abstract] [2014]

Type 2 diabetes {40000105}

Record Keys

Details

Links

Meta Information

Notes

Shared Notes

Common References