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Schizophrenia ⇒ Severe Mental Disorders {40000115}

Record Keys
Definition:
Schizophrenia
Class:

Details
Other Terms:
SCZ
Initialisation date:
2020-09-06

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Meta Information
ICD:[  ]
Category:
Psychiatry
MedDra ID:
10039626
MedDra Level:
pt

Notes

- Host-genetic-driven increases in Enterobacteriaceae family and Enterobacteriales order were potentially related to a higher risk of SCZ, while Gammaproteobacteria class was related to a lower risk of SCZ
- Gut production of serotonin was potentially associated with a higher risk of SCZ.
- There is a strong relationship of lower platelet serotonin concentrations with depressive symptoms of SCZ.
- According to the principle of brain plasticity, glutamate signals are destroyed by serotonergic overdrive, leading to neuronal hypometabolism, synaptic atrophy, and gray matter loss in the end.
- Enterobacteriaceae family and Enterobacteriales order can produce SCFAs (e.g., acetic acid and formic acid) in carbohydrate fermentation, thus inducing serotonin biosynthesis by enterochromaffin cells which are the major producers of serotonin, and ultimately increasing the risk of SCZ.
- Porphyromonadaceae were associated with poor cognitive performance.
- Gut inflammation can induce activation of microglia and the kynurenine pathway, which activate systemic inflammation-inducing depressive or schizophrenic symptoms (1)

Shared Notes

  • [1.11] 
    - The schizophrenia-associated bacterium Streptococcus vestibularis, which contributed to the microbiota metagenomic-based discrimination of patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls, when transplanted to mice gut induced deficits in social behaviors, altering neurotransmitter levels in peripheral tissues of recipient animals.
  • [1.8] 
    - Schizophrenia and autism incidence has been found to be higher in the C. difficile diseased population.
    - This association was further explained by a phenylalanine derivative synthesized and released by the same bacteria in the gut that is known to regulate catecholamine levels in the brain.
  • - Altered human gut microbiome may have a significant contribution to the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor hypoactivity, as observed in patients with schizophrenia.
  • - CD14 seropositivity is responsible for three times increase in the risk of having schizophrenia in comparison to control group. The same CD14 seropositivity was associated with gluten antibodies in newly diagnosed patients with schizophrenia

Common References